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1.
Braz J Microbiol ; 2024 Apr 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38589741

RESUMO

The FTA card has emerged as a promising alternative for nucleic acid extraction. The FTA card is a filter paper impregnated with chemicals that preserve and stabilize the genetic material present in the sample, allowing for its storage and transport at room temperature. The aim of this study was to test the card for the detection of RNA and DNA nucleic acids. Two RNA viruses (Senecavirus A and classical swine fever virus) and two DNA viruses (African swine fever virus and suid alphaherpesvirus 1) were tested, and in all cases, there was a decrease in sensitivity. The methods exhibited good repeatability and demonstrated a rapid and practical use for sample transport and nucleic acid extraction.

2.
Vet Anim Sci ; 22: 100319, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38022721

RESUMO

In 2021, the H5N1 virus lineage 2.3.4.4b spread to the Americas, causing high mortality in wild and domestic avian populations. South American countries along the Pacific migratory route have reported wild bird deaths due to A/H5Nx virus since October 2022. However, limited genomic data resulted in no cases reported in Brazil until May 2023. Brazil reported its first case of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI A/H5N1) in May 2023. The virus was detected in Cabot's tern specimen in Marataízes, Espírito Santo. Cases were also found in backyard poultry and other wild birds, but no human or commercial poultry cases occurred. HPAI poses risks to the poultry industry, food security, and public health. Researchers used next-gen sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to study the Brazilian sample. It confirmed its affiliation with the 2.3.4.4b clade and proximity to sequences from Chile and Peru. This sheds light on the spread and evolution of HPAI A/H5N1 in the Americas, emphasizing continuous monitoring to mitigate risks for both avian and human populations. Understanding the virus's genetics and transmission allows implementing effective control measures to protect public health and the poultry industry.

3.
Mol Biol Rep ; 50(4): 3439-3450, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36757549

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Megalocytiviruses (MCV) are double-stranded DNA viruses that infect fish. Two species within the genus are epidemiologically important for fish farming: red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV). The objective of this work was to study regions that allow the differentiation and correct diagnosis of RSIV and ISKNV. METHODS: The regions ORF450L, ORF342L, ORF077, and the intergenic region between ORF37 and ORF42R were sequenced and compared with samples from the database. RESULTS: The tree constructed using the sequencing of the PCR product Megalocytivirus. ORF077 separated the three major clades of MCV. RISV genotypes were well divided, but not ISKNV. All qPCRs tests showed acceptable repeatability values, that is, less than 5%. CONCLUSION: Two qPCRs for ISKNV detection and two for RSIV were considered suitable for use in the diagnosis and typing of MCV. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of an accurate evaluation of methodologies for the differentiation of MCV.


Assuntos
Infecções por Vírus de DNA , Doenças dos Peixes , Iridoviridae , Iridovirus , Animais , Iridoviridae/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/genética , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/veterinária , Filogenia
4.
Braz J Microbiol ; 54(1): 491-497, 2023 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36645640

RESUMO

Vesicular stomatitis caused by Alagoas vesiculovirus (VSAV) has generated disease outbreaks in Brazil, mainly in the northeast region. Phylogenetic studies divide the isolates into three distinct genotypes (A, B, and C). However, there is no description of how this genetic divergence reflects on the phenotype of VSAV isolates such as in vitro replication fitness. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the ability of three distinct genotypes of Brazilian isolates of VSAV to grow in different cell-culture lines (BHK-21, Vero, and NCI-H1299). Quantification of viral RNA was performed using RT-PCR digital droplet from supernatant of cell culture collected every 4 h for a period of 24 h of viral growth in three different cell lines (BHK-21, Vero, and NCI-H1299). It was observed that the genotype C isolate has the lowest replication efficiency among the three analyzed viruses, without major changes in the copies of viral RNA over the entire time of the study.


Assuntos
Estomatite Vesicular , Vesiculovirus , Animais , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Filogenia , Vesiculovirus/genética , RNA Viral/genética
5.
Dis Aquat Organ ; 149: 25-32, 2022 May 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35510818

RESUMO

The infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) belongs to the genus Megalocytivirus (MCV), a group of double-stranded DNA genome viruses. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze samples from suspected foci of MCV infection in freshwater fish in Brazil. Samples were collected from infected fish between 2017 and 2021. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 2 groups of MCV circulating in the country. A genetically homogeneous group formed a clade with ISKNV samples from different parts of the world. Only 2 of the sequences from the state of Goiás showed a small genetic distance when compared to the larger group in the same clade. This study describes the validation of 3 qPCR methods and the presence of MCV in Brazil since 2017, including a genotype not previously described.


Assuntos
Peixes-Gato , Ciclídeos , Infecções por Vírus de DNA , Doenças dos Peixes , Iridoviridae , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/epidemiologia , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/epidemiologia , Iridoviridae/genética , Filogenia , Estudos Retrospectivos
6.
Braz J Microbiol ; 53(3): 1691-1699, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35553417

RESUMO

The vesicular stomatitis virus belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family, genus Vesiculovirus. Four species (New Jersey, Indiana, Cocal, and Alagoas) are responsible for disease outbreaks in Western Hemisphere countries. In Brazil, the Alagoas virus is responsible for the main outbreaks of the disease, mainly in the states of the Northeast, Midwest, and Southeast regions of the country. The present study aimed to perform the genetic characterization of 41 vesicular stomatitis virus samples. RNA was extracted using Trizol and used to amplify part of gene P. Amplicons were sequenced using the Sanger method. The phylogenetic trees generated showed that Alagoas vesiculoviruses were positioned into three groups: group A formed by the first virus isolate; group B by isolates from states in the Northeast region; and group C by isolates from the states of Bahia, Goiás, and Tocantins. Their divergence to date has generated the formation of two genotypes evolving independently in regions that until the present study had little geographic overlap.


Assuntos
Estomatite Vesicular , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Filogenia , Vírus da Estomatite Vesicular Indiana/genética , Vesiculovirus/genética
7.
Braz J Microbiol ; 53(2): 1065-1075, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35394611

RESUMO

The classical swine fever virus is the etiologic agent of one of the diseases with the greatest impact on swine farming worldwide. An extensive area of Brazil is considered free of the disease, but some states in Northeast Brazil have registered outbreaks since 2001. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic variations of the virus and its spread over time and space. Partial sequences of the viral E2 protein obtained from samples collected during the Brazilian outbreaks were compared with sequences from the GenBank database (NCBI). The results demonstrated the continuous presence of the virus in the state of Ceará, with diffusion to at least two other states. The Brazilian Northeast virus presents specific polymorphisms that separate it from viruses isolated in other countries.


Assuntos
Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica , Peste Suína Clássica , Vírus , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Peste Suína Clássica/epidemiologia , Peste Suína Clássica/genética , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/genética , Surtos de Doenças , Filogenia , Suínos , Proteínas Virais/genética
8.
Braz J Microbiol ; 52(4): 2483-2488, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34595727

RESUMO

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an oncogenic member of the genus Deltaretrovirus. BLV infects cattle worldwide and is responsible for significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to validate real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) for the detection of BLV. After identification of the most efficient qPCR, the limits of detection, repeatability, and reproducibility were determined. The results indicate that qPCR can be easily reproduced between laboratories with high sensitivity. The test variation was low in samples from lesions suggestive of bovine leukosis or whole blood.


Assuntos
Leucose Enzoótica Bovina , Vírus da Leucemia Bovina , Animais , Bovinos , Leucose Enzoótica Bovina/diagnóstico , Genômica , Vírus da Leucemia Bovina/genética , Vírus da Leucemia Bovina/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
9.
Braz J Microbiol ; 52(3): 1637-1642, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34145554

RESUMO

This article describes the recurrence of outbreaks of Vesicular Stomatitis in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. The procedures for treating the outbreak of vesicular disease, sample collection, laboratory tests performed, and the results obtained were described. The clinical signs and observed injuries have been described. The sera showed antibodies that cross-react between the Vesiculovirus Indiana, Cocal, and Alagoas. The serological profile shows the presence of high antibody titers for Alagoas vesiculovirus in cattle, swine, and horses. Higher antibody titers indicate the viral serotype present in the outbreak. The genetic sequencing of the isolates confirmed the presence of Alagoas vesiculovirus, which grouped with the virus isolated in 2013 from cattle from the State of Maranhão.


Assuntos
Estomatite Vesicular , Vesiculovirus , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Cavalos , Sorogrupo , Suínos , Estomatite Vesicular/epidemiologia , Vesiculovirus/genética
10.
Braz J Microbiol ; 52(3): 1623-1626, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34081316

RESUMO

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an RNA virus that infects cattle and sheep. The objective of this study was to compare two real-time PCRs for the detection of BTV and to monitor Orbivirus viremia in sheep and cattle for 6 months. The PCR results showed the occurrence of infected animals throughout the experiment without records of clinical signs. The number of positive animals reduced during the experiment, but some animals were positive for BTV RNA during the entire experiment. The performance of the two RT-qPCRs for BTV detection techniques used in this work revealed a kappa index of 0.71 for cattle and 0.75 for sheep.


Assuntos
Vírus Bluetongue , Bluetongue , Doenças dos Bovinos , Viremia , Animais , Bluetongue/diagnóstico , Vírus Bluetongue/genética , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Ovinos , Viremia/diagnóstico , Viremia/veterinária
11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33681933

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected, in 2018, in horses with neurological disease. AIM: We report the first case of WNV infection in a horse from Ceará state and the complete genome sequence of an isolate from Espírito Santo state. Both infections occurred in 2019. METHODS: WNV was isolated from the tissues of a horse with neurological signs in Espírito Santo and sequenced by MiSeq. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to lineage 1a, clustering with the NY99 strain, a strain that has not circulated in the USA since 2005. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reinforce the hypothesis that WNV has been silently circulating in Brazil for many years.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Cavalos , Febre do Nilo Ocidental , Vírus do Nilo Ocidental , Animais , Brasil , Cavalos , Filogenia , Febre do Nilo Ocidental/diagnóstico , Febre do Nilo Ocidental/veterinária , Vírus do Nilo Ocidental/genética
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 54: e0687-2020, 2021. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155578

RESUMO

Abstract INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected, in 2018, in horses with neurological disease. AIM: We report the first case of WNV infection in a horse from Ceará state and the complete genome sequence of an isolate from Espírito Santo state. Both infections occurred in 2019. METHODS: WNV was isolated from the tissues of a horse with neurological signs in Espírito Santo and sequenced by MiSeq. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to lineage 1a, clustering with the NY99 strain, a strain that has not circulated in the USA since 2005. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reinforce the hypothesis that WNV has been silently circulating in Brazil for many years.


Assuntos
Animais , Febre do Nilo Ocidental/diagnóstico , Febre do Nilo Ocidental/veterinária , Vírus do Nilo Ocidental/genética , Doenças dos Cavalos , Filogenia , Brasil , Cavalos
13.
Arch Virol ; 165(8): 1843-1847, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32448993

RESUMO

Cocal virus (COCV) is one of the causative agents of vesicular stomatitis, presenting clinical signs indistinguishable from those caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Therefore, the differentiation of these two viruses via laboratory diagnosis is essential. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) protocol for the diagnosis of COCV directly from epithelial samples. The method developed had 97% accuracy at 3950 pfu and a repeatability error of 1.29%. RT-qPCR was able to distinguish COCV from other viruses that cause vesicular diseases, an important factor because seroneutralization may produce cross-reactivity between COCV and vesicular stomatitis Alagoas virus (VSAV). No epithelial sample originating from vesicular disease outbreaks between 2014 and 2018 in Brazil was positive for COCV.


Assuntos
Estomatite Vesicular/diagnóstico , Estomatite Vesicular/virologia , Vesiculovirus/genética , Animais , Brasil , Vírus de DNA/genética , Febre Aftosa/diagnóstico , Febre Aftosa/virologia , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/genética , RNA Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos
14.
Arch Virol ; 164(12): 3095-3098, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31606853

RESUMO

Bovine alphaherpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2) is the etiologic agent of bovine mammillitis (BM) and pseudo-lumpy skin disease. BM is also important because its clinical presentation can be confused with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), making it necessary to establish differential diagnoses and perform additional laboratory tests. The objective of this work was to use a validated real-time PCR assay to test for the presence of BoHV-2 in samples from cattle and buffalo with suspected vesicular disease in Brazil. The method could detect the virus at a concentration of 0.5 fg/µL and had 99.4% amplification efficiency, a repeatability error of only 4.1%, and good reproducibility with other reagents. No evidence of BoHV-2 causing vesicular disease in cattle and buffalo was found in this work. This study was able to validate a new methodology for detection of BoHV-2 and evaluate its usefulness for investigating outbreaks of vesicular disease Brazil. The importance of BoHV-2 in cases involving other clinical signs should still be studied using the qPCR developed in this work.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/veterinária , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Búfalos/virologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/virologia , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/classificação , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/genética
15.
Arch Virol ; 164(12): 3059-3063, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31549301

RESUMO

Swine are the only known hosts of swinepox virus (SWPV), the sole member of the genus Suipoxvirus, family Poxviridae. Rapid diagnosis is recommended for appropriate interventions because of the high morbidity associated with this virus. This study describes a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for rapid detection and quantification of SWPV. The detection limit, repeatability, reproducibility, and specificity of this assay were determined. The efficiency was 96%, and the R2 value was 0.996. The detection limit was 1 fg or 10-0.5 TCID50/50 µL. Tests showed that the greatest source of error in the SWPV qPCR assay was variation between analysts rather than different qPCR kits or equipment. All nucleic acids from other viruses or samples collected from swine were negative in the specificity test. qPCR for SWPV is a new method with tested variables that allows main sources of error in laboratory diagnosis and viral quantification to be identified.


Assuntos
Infecções por Poxviridae/diagnóstico , Suipoxvirus/genética , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Animais , DNA Viral/genética , Limite de Detecção , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Suipoxvirus/classificação , Suipoxvirus/isolamento & purificação , Suínos
16.
Arch Virol ; 164(12): 3045-3050, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31520217

RESUMO

Infection with ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) is generally asymptomatic in sheep; however, when it crosses the species barrier, it causes malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) in cattle. In the present study, we developed a real-time PCR assay and a droplet digital PCR assay and use both methods to study an outbreak caused by OvHV-2. Both PCR methods showed high sensitivity and specificity and were able to detect low copy numbers of OvHV-2 in sheep and cattle. The present study describes the first digital PCR quantification of OvHV-2 genome copies in samples collected from sheep and cattle.


Assuntos
Gammaherpesvirinae/genética , Febre Catarral Maligna/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia , Animais , Bovinos , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Surtos de Doenças , Genoma Viral , Febre Catarral Maligna/epidemiologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Ovinos
17.
J Virol Methods ; 257: 7-11, 2018 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29601843

RESUMO

Vesicular stomatitis is an infectious disease that occurs mainly in countries of the Western Hemisphere and affects cattle, swine and horses. The clinical symptoms in cattle and swine are similar to foot-and-mouth disease and include vesicular ulceration of the tongue and mouth. The disease requires a rapid and accurate differential diagnosis, aiming for immediate implementation of control measures. The objective of the present study was to develop and perform validation tests of multiplex RT-qPCR(s) for the detection of RNA from Alagoas vesiculovirus, considering the parameters of sensitivity and analytical specificity, analytical performance (repeatability and reproducibility criteria) and the uncertainty of the measurement. The threshold cycle values obtained in triplicate from each sample were evaluated by considering the variations between days, analysts and equipment in an analysis of variance aimed at determining the variances of repeatability and reproducibility. The results showed that RT-qPCRs had excellent sensitivity and specificity in the detection of RNA of the Alagoas vesiculovirus. The validation parameters showed low coefficients of variation and were equivalent to those found in other validation studies, indicating that the tests presented excellent repeatability and reproducibility.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , Estomatite Vesicular/diagnóstico , Vesiculovirus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/virologia , Cavalos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Estomatite Vesicular/virologia , Vesiculovirus/genética
18.
Arch Virol ; 162(9): 2797-2801, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28516287

RESUMO

The objective of this work is to describe the distribution of outbreaks of vaccinia virus (VACV), pseudocowpox virus (PCPV), and bovine papular stomatitis virus (BSPV) in Brazil. The Official Laboratory of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture received 89 samples from different locations in Brazil in 2015 and 2016 for diagnosis of vesicular and exanthematous disease. Poxvirus coinfections occurred in 11 out of 33 outbreaks, including the first reported triple infection by BPSV, PCPV, and VACV. This occurrence may be associated with the circulation of these viruses in Brazilian cattle.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Coinfecção/veterinária , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Poxviridae/classificação , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/virologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/virologia
19.
Vet Q ; 37(1): 16-22, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27774853

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Parapoxviruses are zoonotic viruses that infect cattle, goats and sheep; there have also been reports of infections in camels, domestic cats and seals. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this report was to describe a case of vesicular disease caused by pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Brazil. ANIMALS: Sixty buffalo less than 6 months old exhibited ulcers and widespread peeling of the tongue epithelium. There were no cases of vesicular disease in pigs or horses on the same property. METHODS: Samples were analysed by PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis in MEGA 7.01 was reconstructed using major envelope protein (B2L) by the Tamura three-parameter nucleotide substitution model and the maximum likelihood and neighbor joining models, both with 1000 bootstrap replicates. The genetic distance between the groups was analysed in MEGA using the maximum composite likelihood model. The rate variation among sites was modeled using gamma distribution. RESULTS: The presence of PCPV in the buffalo herd could be demonstrated in epithelium and serum. The minimum genetic distance between the isolated PCPV strain (262-2016) and orf virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus was 6.7% and 18.4%, respectively. The maximum genetic distance calculated was 4.6% when compared with a PCPV detected in a camel. Conclusions/Clinical Importance: The peculiar position of the isolated strain in the phylogenetic trees does not necessarily indicate a different kind of PCPV that infects buffalo. More samples from cattle and buffalo in Brazil must be sequenced and compared to verify if PCPV from buffalo are genetically different from samples derived from cattle.


Assuntos
Búfalos , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Vírus da Pseudovaríola das Vacas/fisiologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Incidência , Filogenia , Infecções por Poxviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/virologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genética
20.
Intervirology ; 59(1): 20-9, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27362774

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use partial Ul44 sequences (glycoprotein C) of Suid herpesvirus 1 to examine the evolution and dynamics of the virus in different periods and hosts. METHODS: Phylogenetic trees were constructed using the software MrBayes after analysis in the software jModelTest to evaluate the best phylogenetic models. The software SplitsTree 4.0 was used to create phylogenetic networks, and the BEAST program was used to generate data on phylogeography. Replication kinetics and serum neutralization tests were applied to tree strains from different phylogenetic groups. RESULTS: Ul44 sequences derived from domestic swine and wild swine clustered in different clades and had different selective pressures depending on the host. We found no differences in replication kinetics and serum neutralization tests in the strains tested. Data show that the evolution of herpesviruses is complex, and different genetic groups may be evolving at different rates. Ul44 is an important marker for molecular evolution and epidemiology studies, but it is not useful for biological information.


Assuntos
Evolução Molecular , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/genética , Pseudorraiva/virologia , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Animais , Animais Selvagens/virologia , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Herpesvirus Suídeo 1/fisiologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Testes de Neutralização , Filogenia , Filogeografia , Pseudorraiva/sangue , Pseudorraiva/epidemiologia , Alinhamento de Sequência , Software , Sus scrofa/virologia , Suínos/virologia , Replicação Viral
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